State whether the –ing forms given in the following sentences are participles or gerunds. In the case of participles, name the noun or pronoun they qualify. In the case of gerunds, state what function they serve in the sentence.

Join the following pairs of sentences by using a participle.

Read the sentences given below:

He heard a shout. He ran away.
Hearing a shout, he ran away.

Read the sentences given below:

I heard him singing.
Driven by rain, we took shelter under a tree.
It being a small cot, he couldn’t sleep on it.

Combine the following pairs of sentences by using participles.

Present Participle As an object complement

The present participle can be used as an object complement placed after the object.

He kept me waiting.
I found the child sitting outside.

Read the sentence given below:

Seeing the dog the child ran away.