Morphemes

The smallest unit of word structure.

For example, dog consists of a single morpheme (dog), doghouse consists of two morphemes (dog) and (house), happiness consists of two morphemes (happy) and (-ness), and recrystallized consists of four morphemes (re-), (crystal), (-ize) and (-ed).

Interjection

A word or phrase which expresses emotion. An interjection does not form part of a sentence.

Examples are: alas, hurrah, damn, my god etc.

Declarative

A sentence used to make a statement is called a declarative sentence.

Examples are:

Ann is a journalist.

The war is over.

Direct Speech

Speech reported directly in the words used by the original speaker, without any changes in tenses, pronouns etc.

• She said, ‘I am going.’

The term coordinate clause refers to one of two or more clauses of equal ‘value’ that make up a sentence. A coordinate clause does not function as a subject, object or complement in another sentence. It can stand alone to make a sentence by itself.

The term contraction refers to a short form in which a subject and an auxiliary verb or a verb and the word ‘not’ are joined together into one word. Examples are:

Compound

A compound noun, verb, adjective, preposition etc., is one that is made of two or more parts. The meaning of a compound is not always predictable from the meanings of its component parts.